[Thormboembolisms and heart ruptures in myocardial infarct]. / Tromboémbolii i razryvy serdtsa pri infarkte miokarda

An analysis of the incidence of thromboembolism and heart ruptures with reference to different causative factors was conducted on the basis of 585 patients dying of myocardial infarction during the recent 30 years (autopsy data) and 1417 patients with myocardial infarction (298 mortality cases among them) hospitalized during the recent 10 years. A reduction of the incidence of thromboembolism and an increase of the incidence of heart ruptures in the recent years were revealed. Thromboembolism and heart ruptures play an important role among the causes of mortality in myocardial infarction. The development of thromboembolism in myocardial infarction is favoured by the macro-focal nature of the heart lesion, repeated necroses of the myocardium, localization of infarction in the posterior and posteriolateral zones, old age of the patients (over 60), presence of diabetes mellitus and acute cardiac aneurysm. Thromboembolism occurs with the same incidence rate within the initial 7 days, and later during the acute phase. Thrombi are most often found in the cardiac cavities, pulmonary, renal and splenic vessels, in the cerebral, mesenteric and other vessels. Heart ruptures are favoured by the macro-focal nature of the cardiac lesion, localization of the infarction in the anterior and anteriolateral zones, old age (over 60), presence of acute cardiac aneurysm. Most frequently the ruptures are observed in primary myocardial infarction within the initial 5--7 days of the disease. The use of anticoagulants in myocardial infarction decreases the incidence of thromboembolic complications and heart ruptures.